The Mathematics of 5e Death Saves
Death saves are rolled on your turn when you start with 0 hit points. You roll a d20 without ability modifiers against a target of 10:
| Roll Result | Effect | Probability |
|---|---|---|
| Natural 20 | Instant Heroic Recovery! Regain 1 hit point immediately and wake up. | 5.0% per roll (~18% overall) |
| 10 to 19 | 1 Success. Accumulate 3 successes to stabilize at 0 HP. | 50.0% per roll |
| 2 to 9 | 1 Failure. Accumulate 3 failures and character dies permanently. | 40.0% per roll |
| Natural 1 | 2 Failures! A devastating setback pushing character to brink of death. | 5.0% per roll |