5e Encumbrance Rules Breakdown
Most D&D 5e groups use the simple Standard Encumbrance rules, where a character simply cannot carry more than 15 × their Strength score. However, tables seeking gritty realism use the Variant Encumbrance rules from the Player's Handbook (page 176):
| Encumbrance Tier | Weight Threshold | Combat & Movement Penalties |
|---|---|---|
| Normal (Unencumbered) | Up to 5 × STR | No penalties. Full speed and normal combat agility. |
| Encumbered | 5 × STR to 10 × STR | Speed drops by 10 feet. |
| Heavily Encumbered | 10 × STR to 15 × STR | Speed drops by 20 feet. Disadvantage on ability checks, attack rolls, and Strength/Dex/Con saving throws. |
| Over Maximum (Push/Drag) | 15 × STR to 30 × STR | Cannot carry. Can only push, drag, or lift. Speed is reduced to 5 feet. |